Panchakarma is a Sanskrit word that means "five actions" or "five treatments." This is a process used to clean the body of toxic materials left by disease and poor nutrition. Ayurveda says that imbalanced doshas create waste matter. This waste matter is called Ama in Ayurveda. Ama is a foul-smelling, sticky, noxious substance that needs to be evacuated from the body as thoroughly as possible.
Ayurveda Emphasizes Preventative And Healing Therapies Along With Various Methods Of Purification And Rejuvenation. Ayurveda Is More Then A Mere Healing System, It Is A Science And Art Of Appropriate Living Which Helps To Achieve Longevity. It Can Also Guide Every Individual In The Prevention Of Disease And Long Term Maintenance Of Health. To Achieve This Balanced State Of Body, Mind And Consciousness, Ayurveda Prescribes Panchakarma Therapy For The Cleansing Of Body Toxins.
Panchakarma will stick out the excess doshas (or imbalances in the dosha) along with the sticky Ama out of your system by means of the body waste evacuation channels such as sweat glands, urinary tract, intestines, etc. Panchakarma is, thus, a balancing operation. It involves daily massages and oil baths and is extremely pleasant experience. Ayurveda recommends Panchakarma as a seasonal treatment for toning your mind body system. (This is like a tune up for the car.)
Steps in Panchakarma
Panchakarma is a five-fold therapy; it is highly personalized based on the needs of the individual depending on the body type, dosha imbalances etc. Usually, only parts of the five therapies are needed.
1.Therapeutic vomiting (Vamana)
2.Purgation Therapy (Vireka, Virechan, herbal laxative therapy)
3.Basti
4.Nasal Administration - Nasya (herbal inhalation therapy)
5.Blood Letting (Rakta Moksha)
Purvakarma (Pretreatment)
Pre-Purification Measures for Panchakarma.
Before The Actual operation of purification begins, There is A need to prepare the body in prescribed methods to encourage the release of toxins. The two procedures are Snehana And Swedana.
Snehana (Abhyangam)is the oil massage. Oil is applied to the entire body with a particular type of massage, which helps the toxins to move towards the gastrointestinal tract. Oil message also makes the superficial and deep tissues soft and supple, thus helping to remove stress and nourish the nervous system. Snehana is given daily for three to seven days, as indicated.
Swedana is sudation or sweating and is given every day immediately following the snehana. An herbal concoction may be added to the steam to further loosen the toxins from the individual. Swedana liquefies the toxins and increases the movement of toxins into the gastro-intestinal tract.
Pradhanakarma: Main Purification Measures Of Panchkarma
Therapeutic vomiting (Vamana)
This treatment is used when there is congestion in the lungs causing repeated attacks of bronchitis, cough, cold or asthma. The objective of the therapy is to induce vomiting to get rid of the mucus causing excess kapha. A drink consisting of licorice and honey, or calamus root tea is given to the patient. (Other substances used include salt, and cardamom) Vomiting is induced by rubbing on the tongue. 4-8 vomiting is the target. After vomiting the patient will feel very comfortable; most of the congestion, wheezing and breathlessness will disappear along with the clearing of the sinus.
Therapeutic vomiting is used for cough, cold, symptoms of asthma, fever, nausea, loss of appetite, anemia, poisoning, skin diseases, diabetes, lymphatic obstruction, chronic indigestion, edema (swelling), epilepsy (between attacks), chronic sinus problems, and for repeated attacks of tonsillitis.
Purgation Therapy (Vireka, Virechan, herbal laxative therapy)
Virechan is the cleansing of the pitta and the purification of the blood toxins. Generally, it is administered three days after the Vamana treatment. If Vamana therapy is not needed, Virechan can be administered directly. Virechan cleanses the sweat glands, small intestine, colon, kidneys, stomach, liver, and spleen. A number of fine herbs are used as a laxative. These include senna, prune, bran, flaxseed husk, dandelion root, psyllium seed, cow's milk, salt, castor oil, raisins and mango juice. When taking these laxatives, it is important to adhere to restricted diet. Vireka is used for treatment of skin diseases, chronic fever, piles, abdominal tumors, worms, gout, jaundice, gastrointestinal problems, constipation, and irritable bowel syndrome.
Basti
Medicated enemas are used for various specific reasons. In general, this treatment is used to flush the loosened doshas out through the intestinal tract. There are over 100 specific enemas listed in Ayurveda.
Basti involves introducing medicinal substances such as sesame oil, calamus oil, or other herbal decoctions in a liquid medium into the rectum. Basti is especially good for vata disorders. It alleviates constipation, distention, chronic fever, the common cold, sexual disorders, kidney stones, heart pain, vomiting, backache, neck pain and hyper acidity. Such vata disorders as sciatica, arthritis, rheumatism, and gout can also be treated by Basti. There are about 80 vata related disorders in Ayurveda. About 80 percent of them can be treated with medicated enemas.
Since vata is mainly located in the colon and bones, the medication is administered rectally.
Type of Basti:
- Oil Enema or Nirhua Basti - 1/2 to 1 cup of warm sesame oil (for chronic constipation)
- Decoction enema or Anuvasana Basti (Herbal enema) - 1/2 cup of gotu kola or comfrey decoction with 1/2 cup of warm sesame oil
- Nutrition Enema - 1 cup of warm milk
Nasya(Nasal Administration)
This treatment involves inhaling vapor from medicinal herbs that have been infused in boiling water. It is used mostly to eliminate kapha-oriented problems, of ear, eyes, nose, and throat disorders such as migraine, sinusitis, catarrh, and bronchitis.
The nose is the gateway to the brain and to consciousness. Prana, or life energy, enters the body through breath taken in through the nose. Nasal administration of medication helps to correct the disorders of prana affecting the higher cerebral, sensory and motor functions.
Nasya is indicated for dryness of the nose, sinus congestion, hoarseness,migraine headache, convulsions and certain eye and ear problems.
Types of Nasya
Virechan (cleansing with use of powders or herbs)
Nutritional Nasya (for vata)
Sedative Nasya
Nasya decoctions
Ghee or oil Nasya
Nasal massage
Substances such as calamus powder, gotu kola, onion, garlic, black pepper, cayenne, ginger, ghee oil decoctions are used in Nasya. Nasal medication should not be administered after a bath, food, sex, drinking alcohol, during pregnancy, or menstruation.
Blood Letting (Rakta Moksha)
Blood letting is used to eliminate toxins that are absorbed into the bloodstream through the gastrointestinal tract. This process purifies the blood. It is used for disorders such as repeated attacks of skin disorders such as urticaria, rash, eczema, acne, scabies, leucoderma, chronic itching, and hives. It was also found effective for enlarged liver and spleen, and for gout.
Blood letting, which should only be administered by a qualified physician, is useful to relieve several pitta disorders such as acne and rash. If administered properly, it stimulates the antitoxic substances in the blood stream, thus developing the immune mechanism in the blood system.
Do not administer blood letting in cases of anemia, edema, weakness or to very old and very young persons.
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